13TH Dec

TimeSchoolTopicAbstract
10:00 - 12:30Caritas Fanling Chan Chun Ha Secondary SchoolSoft Meal 2.0: Dignified Dining through 3D Printing and Silicone Mold Production of Soft FoodThis is a STEAM Open Course for students to design 3D food models and create reusable silicone molds for seniors with swallowing difficulties on soft food diets. The course uses an inverted layout for independent learning and incorporates Padlet for discussions and question-sharing. Students engage in collaborative project-based learning to explore silicone mold applications, while a follow-up teaching model supports product completion, trial use, and feedback-driven improvements.
10:00 - 12:30Lok Sin Tong Wong Chung Ming Secondary School[Biodiversity x Design] Otter Spraint Floating Platform Design ProjectThe Design and Applied Technology teachers and students from this school participated in WWF's ‘Eurasian Otter Floating Platform Design Plan’. The ‘Wetland Incubator’ project brings different stakeholders together to incubate future-focused solutions and create a multi-pronged approach that will secure the future of wetlands and the key species that depend on them. During the process, teachers and students studied local otters. Observing and collecting their faeces are ways to understand them.
The project allows students to try designing workable floating platforms and placing infrared cameras to record the otters’ behaviour. Students design and produce feasible physical models that not only inspire creativity and a sense of satisfaction but also solve real problems. This is also an example of combining environmental education with STEAM.
10:00 - 12:30CUHK FAA Thomas Cheung Secondary SchoolAirport Vanguard’Airport Vanguard’ is a robot with AI recognition and IoT capabilities. It uses AI recognition technology to automatically identify, track, and drive away birds, as well as inform the control tower of the bird situation at the airport to reduce the bird strike problem. It is expected to help reduce the labour costs, limitations, and mistakes using traditional bird control methods. Based on the Robomaster, the robot has installed a micro:bit, leveraging its excellent expansion and AI recognition capabilities. When birds are identified by the AI, the micro:bit on the robot sends a signal to the other end of the micro:bit with Nodemcu through Robomaster’s S1 PWM function. Nodemcu is used to connect the micro:bit to the network and upload the signal to the IoT platform, Thingspeak, allowing us to know the information obtained by the robot.
10:00 - 12:30St. Joseph's Anglo-Chinese Primary SchoolDIY Solar-powered CarAn array of DIY solar-powered cars is designed and assembled by students. In the making process, students can observe what’s essential to build a car such as motors, solar panels, popsicle sticks and motherboards. Students can assemble their own solar-powered cars according to their interests, which articulate science with arts. Besides, students can reflect on movement and force in racing track testing. Students have demonstrated their skills to make the assembled cars able to change directions while moving, not to mention in different D.I.Y. racing tracks.
12:45 - 15:15Hong Chi Morninghill School, Tuen Mun‘STEAM × Career Planning’In order to enhance students' engineering and problem-solving abilities, this school has implemented the Design and Technology curriculum since junior secondary school. Given the rapid advancement of technology and society's increasing focus on environmental protection, this school have recently made improvements to the Design and Technology curriculum. They have incorporated innovative technologies and environmental sustainability into new courses, intending to enable students to design objects that better align with societal needs.
Last year, the themes of the Design and Technology curriculum of this school were ‘Designing Communities’ and ‘Waste Utilisation’. Students were tasked with using readily available materials to construct community facilities, roads and buildings. Additionally, teachers guided the students in creating solar-powered cars using reusable materials such as used plastic bottles and cardboard. Lastly, they employed a laser cutting machine to design patterns on reclaimed wood. The objects showcased in this exhibition represent the remarkable outcomes of the student's efforts from the previous year.
12:45 - 15:15Man Kwan QualiEd CollegeA ‘Eye’Visually impaired people always encounter various difficulties in their lives. They may not find little objects or even be unable to notice dangers. In order to improve their living quality and make their life safer, the team has invented A ‘Eye’- a pair of smart glasses equipped with a camera lens and a micro speaker. It uses AI image analysis technology to detect and analyse the items in front of the users. After the analysis, if the object collected matches the trained data, its label will be read to the speaker for him/her to identify the object in front and help them find objects in common use.
12:45 - 15:15Ling To Catholic Primary SchoolThe Rooftop Rainwater Collection SystemTo guide students in exploring the effective methods and daily uses of rainwater collection, this school uses Minecraft to simulate the rainwater flow of the rooftop rainwater collection system.

Also, this school designed a model to simulate the scientific knowledge that can apply filtration, siphon principle and water flow to the low flow when collecting rainwater, research and test the operation of the system to check the results’ feasibility. It is expected that this system will not only be applied to schools but should also be applied to various buildings in the future to improve the global waste of rainwater.
12:45 - 15:15Kwun Tong Government Primary School (Sau Ming Road)Kwun Tong Cable Car Project: Cultivating Positive Values through Understanding Chinese Culture and Treasuring Our Community, Home and CountryStudents constructed a Kwun Tong intelligent transportation solution and designed the Anderson Road Cable Car Station. Also, digital mechanical engineering students used LegoWeDo programming to assemble cable cars. By participating in the research project of The University of Hong Kong, Primary 5 students explored the operating principles of gear sets and assembled wind resistance safety devices. In addition, through community practice, students presented the Kwun Tong Cable Car Project to government representatives in the Legislative Council, hoping to alleviate the traffic congestion problem in Kwun Tong and contribute to transportation in remote mountainous areas of the motherland. This reflects the spirit of ‘Cultivating Positive Values through Understanding Chinese Culture and Treasuring our Community, Home and Country’.
15:30 - 18:00Ma On Shan Ling Liang Primary SchoolAI Food Ordering RobotIn recent years, restaurants have started investing in Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve efficiency, using AI robots to take and deliver orders and provide customer service. However, certain features can only be completed through voice input, omitting the needs of deaf and mute individuals.

To create a sign-language-friendly environment, the team uses AI to detect users’ sign language with the camera and interpret the collected data of food ordering. Training data related to sign language of food ordering has been prepared for the AI. A model is then developed through machine learning. With proper programming, the AI can interpret the detected sign language.

To promote empathy, a restaurant for the hearing is open and the participants are asked to imitate the deaf and the mute and to order without the help of AI, putting them in the shoes of deaf and mute individuals.

After the first attempt, participants can re-order with the assistance of AI. A sign language guide is provided to teach participants how to present food names with sign language and perform to the camera. The AI then translates it into texts by comparing the hand gestures with the learning model, resulting in the completion of the ordering process.
15:30 - 18:00Ho Fung College (Sponsored by Sik Sik Yuen)LARP in MuseumsEight strangers are trapped in the Hong Kong Palace Museum. The silence is broken by sounds from a gramophone once owned by Puyi, China’s last emperor.

This compelling scenario is from a live-action role-playing (LARP) game designed by four secondary students from this school. They took home the top prize at Ideapop! – a start-up pitch contest aimed at fostering social impact for Hong Kong secondary school pupils.

The project ‘LARPs in Museum’ is expected to help young people engage with the Palace Museum by writing a mystery game based on its cultural relics. This team deepens Hong Kong teenagers' understanding of our culture and history in a brand-new and interesting way.
15:30 - 18:00S.K.H. Chan Young Secondary SchoolReal-life GIFs – Creating our own ScanimationStudents create scanimations by sliding striped film on interlaced images and use programming to replace manual calculations. Students will then apply the scanimation technique in visual or product designs. For example, an envelope card set to deliver a message, a textbook spread page to better illustrate an idea, or a rotating wheel on a bike to attract attention and advertise. This is when science interlaces with art for innovative creations.

The team will exhibit a series of art pieces using the scanimation technique. Visitors will see lifelike animations that are not displayed on screen. The team welcomes visitors to touch or play with the pieces to observe the scanimation effect closely and to inquire about the craftsmanship behind disassembling components. Visitors are also welcome to explore the logic of the calculation and programming.

Lastly, the team will give out self-designed souvenirs featuring scanimation, hoping that visitors may take home a delight as well as the inspiration of fusing science, technology and arts.
15:30 - 18:00Kowloon City Baptist Church Hay Nien (Yan Ping) Primary SchoolSmart Emergency Water Treatment KitThe Smart Emergency Water Treatment Kit is an instant water quality monitor connected to the Internet.

The Water Purification Emergency Kit has eight main parts, including an AI visual module, a main box for electronic devices and batteries, foam for buoyancy, a bracket for construction, a water purifier, a submersible pump, a filter, and an anchor. The AI camera detects pollutants and sends a signal to the processor, which activates the water purifier and sends an alert to notify users. The purifier pumps in water, brings pollutants into the unit, and the filter collects them, discharging clean water at the bottom.

In addition, the product also includes a water purifier that activates immediately upon detecting pollution, filtering out contaminants as much as possible. By continuously monitoring, providing real-time notifications, and instant water treatment, the product aims to protect water sources by utilising big data and artificial intelligence to predict pollution and deploy preventive measures ahead of time.

The team hopes the Water Purification Emergency Kit can provide real-time emergency treatment to polluted water sources, reducing the cost and difficulty of post-pollution cleanup and utilising AI to lower monitoring costs.

14TH Dec

TimeSchoolTopicAbstract
10:00 - 12:30CCC Fung Leung Kit Memorial Secondary SchoolSources Reduction Projects SeriesThe interdisciplinary STEAM project in S.1 focuses on designing an intelligent trash bin for visually impaired individuals. Students will gain experience across six different subjects while visiting the visually impaired.

In S2, students used waste materials to reshape their own ‘minds’ by using discarded plastic bottles to create 3D filaments and use them to draw, helping them better understand waste recycling.

In S3, students explored the issue of plastic recycling in the community and put forward feasible suggestions.

In S4 and S5, students designed ‘GreenBot’ based on the survey results, incorporating information such as ‘GreenFun’ (bottles collected in total), ‘Recyclables Index’ (average index of purity of bottles collected that reflect the recycling habit) and ‘pre-recycling methods’ by using an app to teach their peers about proper recycling habits.

In S6, students served as the pilot designers for the GreenBot project, working with graduates and teachers to design ‘Yuanzi’ to encourage students to love our living place.
10:00 - 12:30Chinese YMCA CollegeTap and Make Music with Specdrum and Enhanced CreativityBy utilising the innovative Specdrum apps and music rings, students can transform colours into sounds to create their instruments. Specdrum's smart sensing technology turns objects into musical triggers, allowing students to create unique sound effects using a variety of materials.

Engaging in scientific experiments on sound waves and light, students have deepened their understanding of the scientific principles underlying music, bridging the gap between science and art. Students explored concepts such as frequency, amplitude, and wavelength of sound waves. Besides, they studied the effects of phenomena such as resonance and harmonics on sound quality and timbre. At the same time, they conducted experiments on light and colour to study the relationship between light waves and colour, also understanding the impact of spectrum and light on colour perception. Lastly, they showcased their unique instruments and performed original compositions through collaborative efforts.
10:00 - 12:30Man Kwan Pak Kau CollegeEmergency Distance PostThis is a project aimed at reducing the death rate of hikers in outdoor activities through the installation of emergency supply depots on marked poles. The emergency supply depots equipped with rescue equipment can provide immediate assistance and rescue when hikers encounter emergencies, thereby reducing the occurrence of accidental deaths.

The project also utilises ThingSpeak to upload data to a website and combine it with a dashboard to allow the public to check whether anyone nearby has pressed the emergency button for help. Additionally, the platform will send emergency information so that nearby citizens can also assist in providing help.

The project is unique in that it is the first design of its kind in the market, and it allows hikers to seek help and obtain emergency supplies from nearby marked poles when emergencies occur.
10:00 - 12:30St. Joseph's Primary SchoolThe aim of the project is to enhance students’ Social-Emotional development and cultivate students’ growth mindset through STEAM education. In this project, students are encouraged to use IT to build bridges to connect themselves with others by showing empathy and sharing their feelings and thoughts with their peers. Students have also developed skills such as problem-solving, creativity and critical thinking while learning how to communicate effectively and care for others.
12:45 - 15:15C. C. C. Kei Wan Primany School (Aldrich Bay)Smart HelperSmart Helper consists of several parts: AI Camera can identify objects including vehicles, animals, furniture, food, etc. which is widely used in areas like smart surveillance and autonomous driving. AI camera for object identification is highly applicable to daily circumstances.
The Smart Rodent Trap adopts AI technology which is an AI-driven rodent trapping system. System of such makes use of sensor, camera and infra-red emission to detect rodent infestation and enhance the trapping efficiency. The Smart Alert System can be linked with the Smart Rodent Trap so that alerts can be triggered when rodents are detected. Users can then be notified of the location of rodents and take appropriate measures.
12:45 - 15:15St. Francis of Assisi's Caritas SchoolHydroponics Vs Traditional Farming‘Hydroponics Vs Traditional Farming’ is based on the General Studies topic ‘Hong Kong in the past’. Students can compare the two farming methods and learn more about how Hong Kong farmers cultivated in the past and present. In this project, students designed posters with the theme of modern farmers, interviewed local hydroponic farmers, experienced hydroponic and traditional farming, and kept regular farming records. Besides, students tried to design smart water pumps that can automatically irrigate. Lastly, they tasted the vegetables they planted, bringing a new experience of eating vegetables.
12:45 - 15:15King's College Old Boys' Association Primary SchoolAIoT and Metaverse Creative Design Achievements DisplayThis school planned the school-based AI technology education framework, designed courses and established courseware. In the Innovation and Technology subject, they design courseware for students to learn AI machine learning, programming and component application. In General Studies, this school designed applied courseware to allow students to use the AI functions and programming knowledge of the Innovation and Technology subject to conduct innovative interdisciplinary project learning and AI creative invention activities.

Visitors can observe students’ STEM/AI artificial intelligence creative inventions and learn about the latest developments in primary schools in promoting STEM and AI technology education.
12:45 - 15:15Hong Kong Institute of Construction Showcase of Winning Teams’ Product at LED Lighting Assembling and Design Competition of Construction X STEAM Summer Camp 2023Secondary school students can explore the Hong Kong Institute of Construction and learn about the traditions and innovative technologies of the construction industry. With the professional guidance of the instructors, students have learned about construction mechanics and different craft skills such as painting, joinery and electrical installations. Students also joined the team competition to design and assemble LED lighting devices by themselves. Through career talks and guided tours to CIC iHub and the new STEAM LAB, students have learned more about how innovative technology can improve efficiency, environmental protection and safety in the construction industry.



Winners of LED Lighting Assembling and Design Competition
Champion: Caritas Fanling Chan Chun Ha Secondary School 
1st Runner Up: Aberdeen Technical School
2nd Runner Up: HKCWC Fung Yiu King Memorial Secondary School
15:30 - 18:00Jockey Club Man Kwan EduYoung CollegeIntelligent Learning of Cantonese Opera Finger Techniques 1 to 10The platform promotes Cantonese opera culture in game form and uses a Teachable Machine to train its own machine-learning model. Students have input a large number of photos of Cantonese opera finger techniques into the AI system to be the dataset and train it to recognise techniques 1 to 10. Additionally, the students used Stretch3 to create the game ‘Cantonese Opera Warriors Fight the Evil Dragon’ and loaded the trained AI model into the game, creating an educational and entertaining platform.
15:30 - 18:00Ying Wa CollegeSmart Glass BuildingThe ‘Smart Glass Building’ uses smart glass instead of curtains to reduce plastic waste and maintenance costs from traditional curtains. It can adjust its transparency to block or allow sunlight depending on the temperature. The key to intelligent dimming glass is to determine the colour-changing time. Photoresistors are too sensitive and can react incorrectly at low luminosity, while detection by solar panels can improve accuracy.

The current generated by the solar panel is proportional to the luminosity. When the sunlight hits the solar panel, the current sensor will detect the current value and the micro:bit will check whether it is higher than the upper limit. If the value exceeds, it will send a signal to another micro:bit to control the smart glass to become translucent, then reduce the light entering the room and the temperature rise. It is expected to achieve the effect of energy saving.
15:30 - 18:00Taikoo Primary SchoolAI ECO Train System‘Taikoo Primary School Station’ is an AI-powered green train system to address future smart city needs. The current Hong Kong train systems face three major problems: reliance on fossil fuel power generation, high energy consumption, and lack of greenery. To tackle these issues, we have conducted research and experiments in various areas, to construct our model, AI ECO Train System.
15:30 - 18:00HHCKLA Buddhist Wong Cho Sum SchoolWindow Assistant‘Environmental protection’ and ‘innovative technology’ are the two hot topics in recent years. Four students from this school took the theme of ‘home’ and identified the environmental problems they faced during the pandemic. They designed and produced the ‘Window Assistant’ project with their creativity and scientific knowledge, hoping to reduce indoor air pollution and improve indoor air quality. During the process, participants are required to collect scientific evidence (e.g., technological data measurements or questionnaires) for their designs to make objective effectiveness evaluations and try to optimise the designs for practical use.

15TH Dec

TimeSchoolTopicAbstract
10:00 - 12:00Lai King Catholic Secondary SchoolMyopia LentesOutdoor sunlight has been shown to have a positive effect on reducing the likelihood of children becoming myopic and slowing the deterioration of vision in children with myopia, across multiple research studies.

Myopia Lentes aims to reduce the risk of an increase in myopia for people, especially children and teenagers. The glasses record outdoor light intensity, the total time you are indoors or outdoors in the daytime, the time lapsed and the distance between the eyes and near objects. It will send notifications if the distance is too close for more than 15 minutes. If the object is a smartphone, the app will darken the screen to prevent further use.

The system produces feedback and gives eye protection tips to users based on the data. Photochromic films are also applied to Myopia Lentes to block ultraviolet light (UVA and UVB) at a competitive cost.
10:00 - 12:00Carmel Alison Lam Foundation Secondary SchoolSTEAM Project on Marine Debris Collection Remote ShipThe ship-making project was used to wrap the entire curriculum. Students are required to apply previous knowledge such as the principles of mechanics (force and motion), coding skills and speed calculation to create a ship that can collect garbage. The productive failure approach was used in class to allow students to learn from their mistakes. Lastly, a competition was held to test the feasibility of the ship.
10:00 - 12:00Fung Kai No.1 Primary SchoolSmart Plant 2.0This product combines knowledge of modern agriculture, machinery, and IoT technology, allowing busy urban dwellers to grow edible plants at home. It is a seedling machine that can automatically measure water levels and provide light for plant growth. The LED light strip above the pot can simulate the natural sunlight environment, providing light for photosynthesis. The water level meter above the pot can measure the water level. If there is not enough water, the water pump in the lower pot can transport water to the upper pot.
10:00 - 12:00C. C. C. Kei Wan Primary School (Aldrich Bay)Magic ToyThis school has designed stress-relieving toys, hoping students can ‘play while learning’ and reduce their stress from studying. For example, the magnetic levitation gyro uses magnetic levitation technology and gyroscope principles to train hand-eye coordination and concentration; the moving floating ball can easily stimulate students' fighting spirit.

Stress-relieving toys include many physics principles, including Bernoulli’s law and the magnetic levitation principle. These principles can help participants better understand the fundamentals of physics and engineering disciplines.
12:15 - 14:15Hong Kong True Light College5G AI Bird NestUsing concepts of artificial intelligence, the Internet and network security, this school conceived and created a smart artificial bird’s nest model to conserve birds in Hong Kong.

Three Form 3 students designed a bird’s nest for the Greater painted-snipe, a bird species of ‘near-threatened’ status. They incorporate technology into artificial bird nests, allowing relocating birds to receive better protection and monitoring with minimal interference. The students first collected about the habits, locations, breeding periods and survival needs of this species, then conceived a suitable bird’s nest design based on their problems. In addition to considering the materials and size of the bird’s nest, the design also needs to consider elements such as the location of placement, the research data to be collected and necessary protection functions. At the same time, to prevent hackers from intercepting data for illegal purposes, the plan also needs to introduce network security concepts and set up defences from various aspects such as data transmission and access.
12:15 - 14:15Caritas Wu Cheng-chung Secondary SchoolAutomatic Home SystemThis school has designed an automatic home system, hoping to improve the difficulties encountered by subdivided households.

The system uses air detection equipment to ventilate air at an appropriate time. When the air quality is detected to drop, the automatic air dredging equipment is activated. The air detection instrument can quantitatively detect the concentration of pollutants through optical characteristics such as reflection or diffraction. After that, it will output the measurement results through the serial port. The principle uses the channel sensor of the LED and the lamp to judge the light transmittance of the particles in the air and know the air quality.

When the air detection instrument detects that the air quality has declined, Arduino will judge the air quality, make an analysis, and control the fan blades based on the specified data to dredge the air in the room and reduce the impact on the subdivision households. In addition, to reduce the electricity consumption of subdivided flats, the system uses solar panels as the main energy source of the system. The subdivided flats can install solar panels on the roof. This device can reduce power consumption in subdivided households and reduce environmental damage.
12:15 - 14:15Hong Kong And Macau Lutheran Church Ming Tao Primary SchoolWe Are STEAM, and We Are Also Art EducationThis school uses Viktor Lowenfeld, John Dewey, and design thinking in our teaching design, allowing students to unleash their creativity with small-scale technological products and experience STEAM.

Primary 1-3 students use colours, lines and technology to create creations.

Primary 1: Magical Woodpecker
Primary 2: Butterflies in Flight
Primary 3: Spinning Top

Primary 4-6 students use design, colour and rhythm combined with technology to create.

Primary 4: Victoria Harbour Firework Fiber-Optic Painting
Primary 5: Doodle Robot
Primary 6: Airflow Amplifier
12:15 - 14:15Lok Sin Tong Leung Chik Wai Memorial SchoolInfoPlaySphere‘InfoPlaySphere’ is an educational device that combines AI, information literacy, and interactive games. After selecting a mode, the device generates a series of questions or displays AI concept cards. Users can interact with the device through gestures.

In the Object Recognition Practice, the device prompts users to place objects based on hints, and the device determines the accuracy. Gesture recognition relies on distance and angle sensors to identify user gestures, while object recognition uses multi-touch sensors to identify objects. After the game ends, the device provides scores and rankings, allowing users to track their progress.

Also, ‘InfoPlaySphere’ uses an interactive carpet with touch sensing and projection, offering an immersive learning experience for users. Additionally, it is available as a smart wearable device like bracelets, watches, or glasses, enabling on-the-go access to games and learning. These designs cater to various needs, making AI concepts and information literacy enjoyable and accessible.
14:30 - 16:30CCC Hoh Fuk Tong CollegeBlueprint – from Science to LoveThrough the study of redox reactions in the curriculum, students hope to replicate early photographic techniques and assist the elderly in the community to print meaningful photos. The process also requires basic photo editing, such as turning the image black and white and performing a black-and-white inversion. Under the acceleration of sunlight, redox reactions imprint the image onto paper or cloth. Students are required to apply their knowledge to print meaningful photos for others. Through the printed photos, the elderly or family members in the community can share their stories.

Processed photos or plant-derived patterns can be printed on different fabrics or papers using cyanotype techniques. In addition to creating photographic prints, students can design their own works. This project can cater to school-based themes, such as patterns rich in Chinese traditional characteristics, or cheering products for clubs or houses. Students only need to use simple chemicals and the aid of sunlight to create their own prints.
14:30 - 16:30Buddhist Wong Cheuk Um Primary SchoolDIY Vertical FarmingStudents succeeded in building a vertical hydroponic farm from scratch. In the project, students have learned different techniques and concepts of engineering, such as how to work with hydraulic heads, chemistry (e.g., acidity tests) and coding (e.g., the use of Raspberry Pi).

Ultimately, students used all the skills and knowledge learned to grow vegetables.

They also conducted tests of acidity, humidity, and salt every day, while recording and uploading their findings to a Cloud Drive. Then, they analysed the data and found out the ideal harvest time of the vegetable.
14:30 - 16:30Cotton Spinners Association Secondary SchoolThe Art of Green EnergyStudents draw an artistic oil painting related to environmental protection. This painting can express various green energy sources. Mechanical flowers, LED light bars and windmills are added to the oil painting. Programming is used to arrange the order and time of the LED light bars. The mechanical flowers in the painting are made by using a 3D printer to print the flower parts and then assembled by the students.

This small art painting contains the expression of solar energy, wind energy and hydraulic energy, which can make the public understand the meaning of green energy more comprehensively.

In addition, the students made several underwater robots and wind robots, hoping to enable students to learn about different environmental protection and energy knowledge through interesting experiences.
14:30 - 16:30L.S.T. Leung Kau Kui Primary School (Branch)Future Car ParkTo reduce the problem of cars exceeding the time limit, an AI parking lot has been created. When a vehicle approaches the gate, it blocks the light received by the photoelectric sensor. The Huskylens at the top recognises the license plate, after which the gate automatically opens. When the vehicle arrives at the designated location and the light barrier is blocked, the mechanical arm will begin to operate, moving the vehicle to a space.

If the owner wants to leave, they can press ‘Exit’ in the mobile app, and the mechanical arm will move the vehicle to the designated location. During the process, the owner can check the parking lot’s space availability and entry time, also controlling the system to exit the vehicle through the app.